Robert Lefkowitz
The Chancellor's Distinguished Professor of Medicine
Overview
Dr. Lefkowitz’s memoir, A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Stockholm, recounts his early career as a cardiologist and his transition to biochemistry, which led to his Nobel Prize win.
Robert J. Lefkowitz, M.D. is Chancellor’s Distinguished Professor of Medicine and Professor of Biochemistry and Chemistry at the Duke University Medical Center. He has been an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute since 1976. Dr. Lefkowitz began his research career in the late 1960’s and early 1970’s when there was not a clear consensus that specific receptors for drugs and hormones even existed. His group spent 15 difficult years developing techniques for labeling the receptors with radioactive drugs and then purifying the four different receptors that were known and thought to exist for adrenaline, so called adrenergic receptors. In 1986 Dr. Lefkowitz transformed the understanding of what had by then become known as G protein coupled receptors because of the way the receptor signal for the inside of a cell through G proteins, when he and his colleagues cloned the gene for the beta2-adrenergic receptor. They immediately recognized the similarity to a molecule called rhodopsin which is essentially a light receptor in the retina. This unexpected finding established the beta receptor and rhodopsin as the first member of a new family of proteins. Because each has a peptide structure, which weaves across the cell membrane seven times, these receptors are referred to as seven transmembrane receptors. This super family is now known to be the largest, most diverse and most therapeutically accessible of all the different kinds of cellular receptors. There are almost a thousand members of this receptor family and they regulate virtually all known physiological processes in humans. They include the receptors not only to numerous hormones and neurotransmitters but for the receptors which mediate the senses of sweet and bitter taste and smell amongst many others. Dr. Lefkowitz also discovered the mechanism by which receptor signaling is turned off, a process known as desensitization. Dr. Lefkowitz work was performed at the most fundamental and basic end of the research spectrum and has had remarkable consequences for clinical medicine. Today, more than half of all prescription drug sales are of drugs that target either directly or indirectly the receptors discovered by Dr. Lefkowitz and his trainees. These include amongst many others beta blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers or ARBs and antihistamines. Over the past decade he has discovered novel mechanisms by which the receptors function which may lead to the development of an entirely new class of drugs called “biased agonists”. Several such compounds are already in advanced stages of clinical testing. Dr. Lefkowitz has received numerous honors and awards, including the National Medal of Science, the Shaw Prize, the Albany Prize, and the 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was elected to the USA National Academy of Sciences in 1988, the Institute of Medicine in 1994, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1988.
Positions
The Chancellor's Distinguished Professor of Medicine in the School of Medicine
2022 School of Medicine
Professor of Medicine in the School of Medicine
1977 School of Medicine
Professor of Biochemistry in the School of Medicine
1994 School of Medicine
Professor of Pathology in the School of Medicine
2010 School of Medicine
Professor of Chemistry in the Trinity College of Arts & Sciences
2012 Trinity College of Arts & Sciences
Associate of the Duke Initiative for Science & Society in the Institutes and Provost's Academic Units
2021 Institutes and Provost's Academic Units
Member of the Duke Cancer Institute in the School of Medicine
1973 School of Medicine
Education
M.D. 1966
1966 Columbia University
Intern, Medicine
1967 Columbia University
Resident, Medicine
1968 Columbia University
Resident, Medicine
1971 Massachusetts General Hospital
Publications, Grants & Awards
- Awards (17)
- Academics Articles (1148)
- Conference Pages (41)
- Book Sections (2)
National Academy of Inventors
Thomson Reuters
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Nobel Foundation
Shaw Prize Foundation, The
National Science and Technology Medals Foundation
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
American Physiological Society
Thomson Reuters
National Academy of Science
American Physiological Society
Institute of Medicine of The National Academies
Association of American Medical Colleges
Gairdner Foundation, The
National Academy of Science
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
J Clin Invest
Nat Neurosci
Faseb Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Mol Pharmacol
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Science
Nat Struct Mol Biol
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The New England Journal of Medicine
Skeletal Muscle
Sci Signal
Mol Pharmacol
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Nat Rev Drug Discov
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
J Clin Invest
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
The Long Shadow of Vatican II: Living Faith and Negotiating Authority Since the Second Vatican Council
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Curr Opin Cell Biol
Mol Pharmacol
Acs Medicinal Chemistry Letters
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
Acs Chem Biol
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci
Science Signaling
Chemistry World
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Molecular Systems Biology
Trends Pharmacol Sci
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol
J Clin Invest
Trends Pharmacol Sci
Trends in Biochemical Sciences
Nature
Circulation Research
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Sci Transl Med
J Recept Signal Transduct Res
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Nat Rev Drug Discov
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Science Translational Medicine
Sci Transl Med
Dev Cell
Sci Signal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
J Clin Invest
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Journal of Investigative Dermatology
Faseb Journal
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Clinical and Translational Science
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Circulation Research
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Clinical Investigation
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Nat Biotechnol
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Clinical Investigation
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Acta Physiologica
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
Annual Review of Physiology
Annual Review of Physiology
Molecular Cell
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Molecular and Cellular Biology
Circulation Research
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: Tem
Nature Cell Biology
Science'S Stke : Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment
Science'S Stke : Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment
The Journal of Clinical Investigation
Cell
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Biochemical Journal
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Journal of Molecular Neuroscience : Mn
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Nature Methods
Cellular Signalling
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Molecular and Cellular Biology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Journal of Neuroscience
The Journal of Clinical Investigation
The Journal of Clinical Investigation
Current Opinion in Cell Biology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
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British Journal of Pharmacology
Annual Review of Neuroscience
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The Journal of Immunology
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Journal of Neuroscience
The Biochemical Journal
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Science
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Science
Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography
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Assay and Drug Development Technologies
Circulation Research
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Journal of Neuroscience
Molecular Pharmacology
Circulation Research
Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology
Biochemistry
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Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Trends in Cell Biology
Journal of Cell Science
Progress in Neurobiology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
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Science (New York, N.Y.)
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Nature Reviews. Neuroscience
Cellular Signalling
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Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Current Opinion in Cell Biology
The Journal of Clinical Investigation
Oncogene
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Science'S Stke : Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Science (New York, N.Y.)
Science (New York, N.Y.)
Molecular and Cellular Biology
Circulation
Circulation
Circulation
Trends Pharmacol Sci
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
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The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Nature Cell Biology
Febs Letters
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
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Current Biology : Cb
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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Circulation
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Gene Therapy
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The Journal of Physiology
Current Opinion in Cell Biology
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Science (New York, N.Y.)
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Circulation Research
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Biochemistry
Circulation
Hypertension
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Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
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Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
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Naunyn Schmiedeberg'S Archives of Pharmacology
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Advances in Pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.)
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Faseb Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Circulation
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The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine
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Molecular Pharmacology
Proceedings of the Association of American Physicians
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Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
American Journal of Physiology Heart and Circulatory Physiology
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The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Biophysical Journal
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Receptors & Channels
Advances in Second Messenger and Phosphoprotein Research
Faseb Journal
Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research
Endocrine Reviews
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Circulation
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
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Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Journal of Molecular Medicine
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Clinical Investigation
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
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Circulation Research
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Nature Biotechnology
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Journal of Leukocyte Biology
Journal of Investigative Medicine
Journal of Leukocyte Biology
Receptors & Channels
Recent Progress in Hormone Research
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Protein Expression and Purification
Circulation
Circulation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Hypertension
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Circulation
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Science (New York, N.Y.)
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Pharmacological Reviews
Science (New York, N.Y.)
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Circulation Research
Faseb Journal
Faseb Journal
British Journal of Pharmacology
Mammalian Genome : Official Journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society
Trends in Biochemical Sciences
Faseb Journal
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
Chemical Senses
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
The New England Journal of Medicine
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Circulation
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Pharmacological Reviews
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Science (New York, N.Y.)
Faseb Journal
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Biophysical Journal
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Journal of Neurochemistry
Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Clinical Investigation
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Urology
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Clinical Research
Clinical Research
Clinical Research
Science (New York, N.Y.)
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Molecular Pharmacology
Faseb Journal
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Science (New York, N.Y.)
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Asia Pacific Journal of Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Recent Progress in Hormone Research
Advances in Second Messenger and Phosphoprotein Research
The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Cellular Signalling
Science (New York, N.Y.)
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Clinical Research
Clinical Research
Clinical Research
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Asia Pacific Journal of Pharmacology
Trends in Biochemical Sciences
Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Molecular Pharmacology
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Biochemistry
Febs Letters
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Clinical Research
Clinical Research
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics
Molecular Pharmacology
Transactions of the Association of American Physicians
Annual Review of Biochemistry
Annual Review of Physiology
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Cellular Signalling
Vitamins and Hormones
Molecular Pharmacology
Faseb Journal
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Molecular Pharmacology
Science (New York, N.Y.)
European Journal of Pharmacology
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Science (New York, N.Y.)
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Molecular Biology of the Cell
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
Clinical Research
Clinical Research
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Biochemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Biophysical Journal
Biophysical Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Kidney International
Kidney International
Harvey Lectures
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
Advances in Second Messenger and Phosphoprotein Research
Transactions of the Association of American Physicians
Society of General Physiologists Series
Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology
Molecular Biology of the Cell
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Science (New York, N.Y.)
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Molecular Pharmacology
Biochemical Pharmacology
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Molecular Pharmacology
Biochemistry
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
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Science (New York, N.Y.)
Science (New York, N.Y.)
Kidney International
Annual Review of Neuroscience
Life Sciences
Oxford Surveys on Eukaryotic Genes
Annual Review of Physiology
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The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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The Journal of Clinical Investigation
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Trends in Neurosciences
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Febs Letters
Science (New York, N.Y.)
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Clinical Research
Clinical Research
Biochemistry
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Endocrine Reviews
Molecular Pharmacology
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ISI Atlas of Science: Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Annual Review of Cell Biology
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Journal of Receptor Research
Advances in Second Messenger and Phosphoprotein Research
Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology
Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Kidney International. Supplement
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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Circulation
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
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Federation Proceedings
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Clinical Research
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
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Enzymes
Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry
Zeitschrift Fur Kardiologie
Kidney International
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Journal of Receptor Research
Recent Progress in Hormone Research
Molecular Neurobiology
Kidney International
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Biochemical Pharmacology
The Journal of Cell Biology
Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
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Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Nature
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Clinical Research
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Journal of Neurochemistry
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Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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Advances in Cyclic Nucleotide and Protein Phosphorylation Research
Recent Progress in Hormone Research
The Journal of Membrane Biology
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
European Journal of Pharmacology
Biochemical Pharmacology
Life Sciences
Endocrinology
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Febs Letters
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Physiological Reviews
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Advances in Cyclic Nucleotide and Protein Phosphorylation Research
Annual Review of Medicine
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Hospital Practice (Office Ed.)
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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Advances in Cyclic Nucleotide Research
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Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry, Vol 38
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Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Advances in Cyclic Nucleotide Research
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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EXCERPTA MEDICA,AMSTERDAM,ICS
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
The New England Journal of Medicine
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The Journal of Biological Chemistry
The New England Journal of Medicine
Endocrinology
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Science (New York, N.Y.)
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
Life Sciences
The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Circulation
Clinical Research
Clinical Research
Clinical Research
Circulation
Federation Proceedings
Molecular Pharmacology
The Journal of Clinical Investigation
Recent Progress in Hormone Research
Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases
Biochemical Pharmacology
The Journal of Biological Chemistry
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